Found inside – Page 448The Common Core Model and the Family Resemblance Model of similarity are visualised in Figure 1 . CORE CORE ? L3 Common Core Model Family Resemblance Model ... Found inside – Page 4483.3 Pronunciation Similarity Score The confidence measure driven from equation (6) is used as pronunciation similarity score for comparing a reference ... Found inside – Page 51Several experiments have shown that the time to read a nonword is influenced by how consistent the pronunciation is of visually similar words (Glushko, ... Found inside – Page 356similarity. One of the most salient influences on L2 pronunciation development can be traced to learners' L1. It is a common observation that L2 learners' ... Found inside – Page 20So, it appears that while L1-L2 similarity may facilitate pronunciation perception, it may also handicap the accurate production of L2 sounds and features. Found inside – Page 84Phonetic similarity It is theoretically possible to calculate the functional loads of all contrastive permutations of the phonemes of English . Found inside – Page 856... Similarity Effect In a pronunciation task, Chase (1975) found that subjects pronounce phonologically similar items more slowly than dissimilar ones. Found inside – Page xxviiwhere, were, we're, wore, war — these can all sound confusingly similar, and the spellings do not help to clarify the similarities and differ— ences. Found inside – Page 261To SHOOT forth sprout , bud , SIMILARITY likeness , .resemgerminate . blance , similitude . To Shoot out - project , protrude . Found inside – Page 4-63user's mark, the similarity in sound can weigh in favor of finding a likelihood ... 'correct' pronunciation of a trademark that is not a common English word ... Found insideThe character 五 as a verb ending in Japanese is pronounced as o, similar to the Chinese pronunciation of this character. Although the pronunciation of this ... Found inside – Page 51The fourth principle, relationality, acknowledges that identity is constructed from overlapping, complementary 'relations': similarity/difference, ... Found insideThe similarity in appearance, the similarity in concept and the similarity in pronunciation of a trademark are merely standards for presuming confusion as ... Found inside – Page 10These findings squarely met the issues as to whether the marks were like one another , and whether their pronunciation was so similar as to be likely to ... Found inside – Page 713At best , there is only a possibility of a slight similarity in sound ... however , that any such pronunciation is dominant or generally applied . Found inside – Page xLearners can check the pronunciation of words through a website that is provided to ... The idea is that similarity between sounds causes intelligibility ... Found inside – Page 167Other evidence indicated that visual similarity was a stronger cue for the ... For example, “β” is pronounced similar to “V” in English, but triggers the ... Found insidedeemed similar. Similarly, the marks must be deemed similar if there is sufficient similarity in pronunciation or concept that would likely mislead or ... Found inside – Page 69are 'similar' to those of the L1. Flege (1987) tested this prediction with respect to two French vowels: /u/, which tends to be heard as very similar to ... Found inside – Page 58McMahon & McMahon (2005) include investigations of pronunciation similarity in their recent book on phylogenetic techniques in historicallinguistics. Found inside – Page 295The similarity of sound will be sufficiently obvious to those who consider how frequently grammarians have asserted that y is, or is not, similar to ee ... Found inside – Page 422Ouopos , ov , ad . bordering , neighbou' Oporópwvos , ov , ad . of a similar voice . ring . ' Opolwa , atos , s . n . likeness ; image ; " Ouoppa , adv . vul . prettily , nicely , fi . similarity , resemblance ; similitude . nely ; genly , easily , softly . Found insideHistorical Pronunciation versus Erasmian Philemon Zachariou ... that the degree of similarity in pronunciation between Neohellenic and Κοινή is commensurate ... Found inside – Page 274This implies that the dialect pronunciation of the most similar words in the ... if a child acquiring the Maldegem dialect wants to pronounce the word dijk ... Found insideThe attempts at linguistic definitions of similarity and difference are, however, ... and that imitation drill and pronunciation practice are consequently ... Found inside – Page 30Now , it happens unfortunately , that this confusion of ideas , by the similarity of these characters b and d , occurs at the very commencement of the ... Found inside – Page 75028 Four relevant factors to consider when evaluating “ similarity ” are the marks ' appearance , pronunciation of the words used , verbal translation of the designs used , and suggestion or meaning . A “ side - by - side ” comparison , however ... Found inside – Page xxviiwhere, were, we're, wore, war — these can all sound confusingly similar, and the spellings do not help to clarify the similarities and differ— ences. Found inside – Page 75Six possibilities for formal and semantic similarity All types of words and their ... similar pronunciation and / or spelling in the compared languages . Found inside – Page 203It may be that the author met some ignorant Egyptians who pronounced it ... existence of a similarity in the pronunciation of the two consonants ” . Found inside – Page 384PHONOLOGICAL SIMILARITY , PRONUNCIATION RATE , AND MEMORY SPAN . Psychological Science . 1990 , 1 ( 1 ) : 74-77 . Memory span is smaller for ( a ) items taking longer to pronounce and ( b ) phonologically more similar items . Found inside – Page 117Inducing a measure of phonetic similarity from pronunciation variation. Journal of Phonetics, 40(2), 307–314. Wieling, Martijn, and Montemagni, Simonetta. Found inside – Page 422Op.opos , ov , ad . bordering , neighbou' Ouocópwvos , ov , ad . of a similar voice . ring ' Ouolwux , atos , s . n . likeness : image ; " OlLoppan , adv . vul . prettily , nicely , fi . similarity , l'esemble nca ; similitude . nely ; genly , easily , softly . Found inside – Page ixWith so great similarity between f and v is it likely that the Romans , if their v was a labio - dental , would not have confused them or noticed the resemblance ? Yet ( a ) no inscription substitutes F for v ( Corssen , Aussprache , 1. p . 136 ) ; and ... Found inside – Page 67The pronunciation with the highest similarity will be used as a reference model for all simulations 3. These reference models possess the highest similarity ... Found insideThe similarity of marks is determined based on their appearance, pronunciation and meaning. If the compared marks are similar in terms of any one of these ... Found inside – Page 70When we come to the Arabic and compare it with the Zulu , we find just so much similarity and no more , than we found between the latter and the Sanskrit - a similarity here and there , it is true , and one from which a learned philologist might ... Found inside – Page 243... related categories and similar as- pects of individual words in both languages are summarized: (1) similarity in orthography, pronunciation and meaning; ... Found inside – Page 67U later decreases as learners begin to acquire targetlike L2 pronunciation (Major, 2001; Zampini, 2008). 2.6.4.2 Similarity The OPM corollaries concerning ... Found inside – Page 9Edgar Howard Sturtevant. constant danger of finding alliteration where none was intended , and of overlooking the genuine cases on account of our faulty pronunciation , while no man can say just how much similarity of sound is required for a ... Found inside – Page 60... x is the index of the degree of similarity (in percent). ... standard American pronunciation, reveals the greatest degree of similarity with microsystem ... Found inside – Page 72But by and large the two men are physically quite similar. Secondly, Lois notices that whenever she is out with Clark, Superman never appears, ... Found inside – Page 76incorrect L2 pronunciation are not related to L1–L2 similarity and difference in any direct or obvious way, since features of greatest difference between ... Found inside – Page 1434.2 Design Trubetzkoy (1930) suggested that superficial similarity in pronunciation — in the absence of regular sound correspondence — should constitute ... Found inside – Page 453Output time versus pronunciation ... Phonological similarity , pronunciation rate , and memory span . Psychological Science , 1 , 74–77 . Found inside – Page 69Take the trademarks " L " ( pronounced as “ ku er ” ) and " r " ( pronounced as “ ku ji ” ) for example , while the two trademarks are different in pronunciation and meaning , they are so similar in form that they should be determined as similar ... Found inside – Page 6... list of universal ways through which linguistic phenomena can be similar, ... and pronunciation (paronymy).10 It seems, however, that similarity of any ... Found inside155 (a) Identity, Similarity and Confusion Likelihood of confusion is a ... Then there are some characters that are similar but their pronunciation and The ... Found inside – Page 313The tool matches the similarity of an utterance of a word by a speaker to the ideal pronunciation and gives a percentage similarity or a metric to judge the ... 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